Hastelloy
Hastelloy metals and alloys are celebrated for their outstanding resistance to high temperatures and corrosion. Developed after the introduction of stainless steel in the early 20th century, these superalloys offer exceptional durability against harsh chemicals and acids like hydrochloric acid. Metallurgists can also tailor them to withstand oxidizing agents, providing superior protection in extreme environments.
Stellar Alloys specializes in delivering premium Hastelloy products with expert engineering and manufacturing capabilities. They offer customized solutions designed to meet the rigorous demands of industries such as chemical processing, aerospace, and power generation, ensuring reliable performance even under the toughest conditions.
Hastelloy Products Range
Hastelloy Pipe & Tube
Hastelloy Plates & Sheets
What Is Hastelloy?
Hastelloy is a trade name for a group of corrosion-resistant nickel-based alloys that also include molybdenum and chromium. Known for excellent corrosion resistance, good fabricability, and medium- to high-temperature strength, these alloys typically maintain a metastable gamma (FCC) microstructure through solution annealing and rapid cooling. While resistant to phase precipitation during short thermal excursions above 500 °C, their long-term exposure reveals a multiphase equilibrium structure, making them suitable for harsh chemical and high-temperature environments.
What is the Origin of Hastelloys?
Hastelloy is the brand name for a range of high-performance, corrosion-resistant nickel-based alloys designed to endure demanding environments. The nickel superalloy industry traces its roots back to 1921, following the earliest patents for nickel-molybdenum compositions. This breakthrough paved the way for the evolution of the Hastelloy family, which quickly became recognized for its strength and resistance to heat and chemicals. Early alloys, such as Hastelloy A and Hastelloy B, set benchmarks for industrial use, with Hastelloy B’s original formulation still widely utilized today.
A few years later, Hastelloy C was introduced, and its advancements have led to modern alloys like Hastelloy C-2000, which play a key role in chemical processing. Hastelloy D, a nickel-silicon-copper alloy, was also developed in this period; the most recent version, Hastelloy D-205, is specifically chosen for chemical plants handling hot, highly concentrated sulfuric acid.
Entire Range of Hastelloy Grades
There are several distinct types and hastelloy material grades, each differentiated by its unique chemical composition:
Why Choose Hastelloy ?
With a high molybdenum content, B-type Hastelloys such as B-2 (UNS N10665) and B-3 (UNS N10675) resist extreme reducing environments. B-2 offers strong protection against hydrochloric acid but is less effective against oxidizers, while B-3 is more resistant to pitting corrosion and has better thermal stability.
C Type Hastelloys
C-type Hastelloys, rich in nickel, chromium, and molybdenum, have about half the molybdenum but significantly more chromium than B-type. This increases formability and corrosion resistance. Notable grades include C-4, known for ductility, C-22 with excellent weldability, and C-276 popular in petrochemical fields. C-2000 has added copper for sulfuric acid resistance.
G Type Hastelloys
G-type Hastelloys feature lower molybdenum but higher silicon and carbon content, making them weldable by various methods. Grades like G-3 (UNS N06985) show strong resistance to oxidation, stress corrosion cracking, and acidic environments, including commercial phosphoric acid.
Hastelloy X
Composed of nickel, chromium, molybdenum, cobalt, and tungsten, Hastelloy X stands out for high-temperature strength and oxidation resistance. It is vital in aerospace and power generation, especially in industrial furnaces and gas turbines where durability at extreme heat is critical.
Hastelloy N
With 71% nickel, 16% molybdenum, and 7% chromium, Hastelloy N excels in oxidation resistance at elevated temperatures. It is favored for chemical processing equipment requiring long-term durability in harsh environments.
How is Hastelloy Material made?
The manufacturing process of Hastelloy involves multiple precise steps. Initially, raw elements like nickel, molybdenum, and chromium are melted together at high temperatures through smelting. The molten alloy is then cast into ingots or billets. These are subsequently processed by forging or rolling at elevated temperatures, followed by heat treatment to enhance mechanical properties. Finally, the alloy is machined into specified shapes suitable for various applications. This process ensures a uniform composition and optimal performance for the final product, which is ideal for high-temperature and corrosion-resistant uses.
Benefits of Using Hastelloy Alloys
Hastelloy alloys provide a wide array of industrial advantages due to their robust chemical makeup and specialized performance features:
- Outstanding corrosion resistance against both oxidizing and non-oxidizing acids, as well as pitting and crevice corrosion, ensures long-term durability in aggressive environments.
- High chromium, molybdenum, and nickel content enhance protection, making these alloys ideal for chemical processing, marine, and energy sectors.
- Additional elements (like tungsten, titanium, vanadium) may boost resilience to particular chemicals or high temperatures.
- Certain Hastelloy grades excel in reducing environments and can resist oxidizing agents, even those prone to forming hazardous mixtures.
- Exceptional tolerance to high temperatures aids applications in aerospace, power generation, and oil & gas, where mechanical integrity must be retained.
- Superior stress resistance, for deformation, stretching, and compressing, reduces risk of failure in critical components.
- Chemical stability stands up to ferric acids, brine, seawater, and environments with toxic chlorine compounds or wet chloride gas.
- Intergranular corrosion and heat affected zones are well controlled, lowering chances of localized corrosion even after welding or fabrication.
- High thermal stability and ductility make Hastelloy reliable, easy to form, and fabricate through annealing, forging, welding, and hardening.
- Hastelloy alloys reduce maintenance costs, extend equipment lifespan, and improve operational reliability in challenging industrial settings.
Chemical Composition of Hastelloy Material
Understanding the chemical composition is crucial for buyers to select the right Hastelloy grade suited to specific industrial requirements. Knowing the percentage of key elements like nickel, chromium, and molybdenum ensures optimal corrosion resistance and high-temperature performance.
| Alloy* | C% | Co% | Cr% | Mo% | V% | W% | Ai% | Cu% | Nb % | Ti% | Fe% | Ni% | Other% |
| B | 0.1 | 1.25 | 0.6 | 28 | 0.3 | – | – | – | – | – | 5.5 | rest/bal | Mn 0.80; Si 0.70 |
| B2 / B-2 | 0.02 | 1 | 1 | 26.0-30.0 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 2 | rest/bal | Mn 1.0, Si 0.10 |
| C | 0.07 | 1.25 | 16 | 17 | 0.3 | 40 | – | – | – | – | 5.75 | rest/bal | Mn 1.0; Si 0.70 |
| C4 / C-4 | 0.015 | 2 | 14.0-18.0 | 14.0-17.0 | – | – | – | – | – | 0..70 | 3 | rest/bal | Mn 1.0 ; Si 0.08 |
| C276 / C-276 | 0.02 | 2.5 | 14.0-16.5 | 15.0-17.0 | 0.35 | 3.0-4.5 | – | – | – | – | 4.0-7.0 | rest/bal | Mn 1.0; Si 0.05 |
| F | 0.02 | 1.25 | 22 | 6.5 | – | 0.5 | – | – | 2.1 | – | 21 | rest/bal | Mn 1.50; Si 0.50 |
| G | 0.05 | 2.5 | 21.0-23.5 | 5.5-7.5 | – | 1 | – | 1.5-2.5 | 1.7-2.5 | – | 18.0-21.0 | rest/bal | Mn 1.0-2.0; P0.04; Si 1.0; |
| G2 / G-2 | 0.03 | – | 23.0-26.0 | 5.0-7.0 | – | – | – | 0.70-1.20 | – | 0.70-1.50 | rest/bal | 47.0-52.0 | Mn 1.0; Si 1.0 |
| N | 0.06 | 0.25 | 7 | 16.5 | – | 0.2 | – | 0.1 | – | – | 3 | rest/bal | Mn 0.40; Si 0.25; B 0.01 |
| S | 0.02 | 2 | 15.5 | 14.5 | 0.6 | 1 | 0.2 | – | – | – | 3 | rest/bal | Mn 0.50; Si 0.40; B0.0009; La 0.02 |
| W | 0.06 | 1.25 | 5 | 24.5 | – | – | – | – | – | – | 5.5 | rest/bal | Mn 0.050; Si 0.50 |
| X | 0.1 | 1.5 | 22 | 9 | – | 0.6 | – | – | – | 18.5 | – | rest/bal | Mn 0.6; Si 0.60 |
Physical Properties of Hastelloy Material
Buyers must consider physical properties such as density, tensile strength, and thermal conductivity to evaluate Hastelloy’s suitability for demanding applications. These properties influence durability, strength, and temperature tolerance vital for long service life.
| Type | Density (g/cm3) | Melting Point (°C) | Tensile Strength (MPa) | Yield Strength (0.2 % Offset) (MPa) | Elongation (%) |
| B2 | 9.2 | 1370 | 760 | 350 | 40 |
| B3 | 9.2 | 1370 | 760 | 350 | 40 |
| C4 | 8.64 | 1350-1400 | 783 | 365 | 55 |
| C22 | 8.69 | 1399 | 690 | 310 | 45 |
| C276 | 8.89 | 1370 | 790 | 355 | 40 |
| X | 8.22 | 1355 | 655 | 240 | 35 |
Hastelloy Price Per Kg
Accurate price information helps buyers make informed procurement decisions balancing cost and quality. Knowledge of pricing trends for various grades aids in budgeting and sourcing competitive, value-driven Hastelloy products.
| Hastelloy Price | Origin | Price in INR (per kg) | Price in USD (per kg) | Price in Euro (per kg) |
| Hastelloy Alloy Price in India | Indian | Rs 4000/- | $58 | €50 |
| Hastelloy Price in Japan | Japanese | Rs 5500/- | $81 | €69 |
| Hastelloy Price in UK / Europe | European | Rs 6000/- | $88 | €75 |
| Hastelloy Price in USA | USA | Rs 7000/- | $103 | €89 |
Hastelloy Melting Point
The melting point indicates the highest temperature Hastelloy alloys can withstand without compromising integrity. This knowledge is key for buyers requiring materials for extreme-heat applications, ensuring safe and reliable performance.
| Material | Melting Point (°C) | Melting Point (°F) |
| Hastelloy C | 1320 – 1350 | 2410 – 2460 |
Stellar Alloys: Leading Hastelloy Manufacturer and Hastelloy Supplier You Can Trust!
Stellar Alloys is one of the most trusted Hastelloy suppliers offering comprehensive manufacturing solutions for a variety of industrial applications. With expertise in precision machining, metal forming, reverse engineering, and prototyping, Stellar Alloys delivers custom Hastelloy components that meet exact specifications. Buyers partnering with Stellar Alloys gain reliable supply, quick turnaround, cost-efficient production, and consistently high quality, making them an ideal choice among Hastelloy manufacturers for complex projects and critical industry requirements. Simply share your specifications, and Stellar Alloys will ensure expert support, accurate quotes, and timely delivery tailored to your business needs.
Frequently Asked Questions About Hastelloys
Hastelloy is a nickel-based superalloy that combines nickel, molybdenum, and chromium, designed for high corrosion resistance and strength at elevated temperatures. It’s widely used in chemical and aerospace industries.
Hastelloy offers superior corrosion resistance and high-temperature strength compared to stainless steel, especially in harsh chemical environments. However, stainless steel is cheaper and suitable for less extreme conditions.
Hastelloy excels in acidic and corrosive environments, while Inconel performs better in oxidizing and high-temperature applications. Choice depends on specific industrial requirements.
Yes, Hastelloy can be welded using methods like TIG, MIG, and friction welding. Special care is needed to maintain alloy properties and avoid cracking during welding.
Yes, due to its higher nickel and molybdenum content and complex manufacturing, Hastelloy is more costly. However, its longevity and superior properties may reduce long-term costs in corrosive environments.
